Eurobond Helping To Improve Zambia's Trade With Neighbours

By Paul Shalala

A Zambia Railways locomotive

When it was issued in 2013, the US$750 million Euro Bond became a controversial topic in Zambia as various people received it with mixed reactions.

However, two years down the line, fruits of that Eurobond are now visible.

Zambia Railways was allocated 120 million dollars from the Eurobond and part of the money was channeled towards rehabilitating and constructing new rail lines on the Copperbelt.

Zambia Railways Limited has completed rehabilitating and constructing new rail lines in three districts of the Copperbelt to link smelters and mines at the cost of K8.6 million.

The districts connected are Chingola, Chililabombwe and Kitwe.

The railway firm has now finished connecting Konkola Deep Mine in Chililabombwe to the smelter at Nchanga in Chingola and the refinery at Nkana Plant in Kitwe.

This now means that raw copper can now be transported by railway from Chililabombwe to the smelter in Chingola and later the anodes can be moved from Chingola to be refined into cathodes in Kitwe before they are exported abroad.

The project was funded using Zambia Railways’ allocation of US$120 million from the US$750 million Euro Bond which was over subscribed when the Zambian government issued it on the international market in 2013.

Zambia Railways General Manager for Projects Fred Kaoma says the company has now connected Konkola Deep Mine in Chililabombwe to Nchanga Mine in Chingola and further to Nkana Refinery in Kitwe.

Mr Kaoma says the project will decongest  roads and help the mines transport their goods from one mine site to the other without more easily.

And Chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on Estimates Highvie Hamududu says works done so far are impressive as there is something tangible can be see.

Mr Hamududu, who is also Bweengwa Member if Parliament, says taxpayers want to see money from the Eurobond being utilized to the best interest of the nation.

Members of the Parliamentary Committee on Estimates are on the Copperbelt inspecting projects which were funded by US$ 750 million Eurobond.

The improvement of the railway infrastructure using the Eurobond will now enhance trade between Zambia and her neighbours.

“Now we will be able to move cathodes from Kitwe to Durban, Dar Es salaam or Beira or any other port. We have a good working relations in South Africa now,” said Christopher Musonda, Zambia Railways Marketing Manager.

He further revealed that through this improved railway system, exporting copper products through Zambia’s neighbours will be guaranteed.

“Exporting copper through Durban takes 30 days to reach China, but with our enhanced partnership with Tanzania, exporting through Dar Es salaam will now only take 14 days,” added Mr Musonda.

Trade routes in Southern Africa

Recently, Tanzanian President Jakaya Kikwete and his Zambian counterpart Edgar Lungu agreed to improve the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) to improve trade among the two countries.

This now means that trains from the state run Zambia Railways Limited (ZRL) can freely transport goods from anywhere in Zambia up to the port in Dar Es Salaam.

Currently, TAZARA trains come from Tanzania and end up at Kapiri Mposhi while ZRL trains cant go beyond Kapiri Mposhi.

This new partnership plus the already established regional agreements for the Nacala Corridor and the Walvis Bay arrangement will help enhance trade between Zambia and her neighbours.

US$40 Million Needed To Re-Open Munali Nickel Mine

By Paul Shalala and Collins Chama

Aerial shot of Munali Nickel Mine

Munali Nickel Mine in Mazabuka District has been under care and maintenance after Albidon Mine stopped operations in 2011.

Since then, nothing much has changed to revamp operations at the mine.

The only slim hope is that feasibility studies at the mine have been completed, with positive results.

The results show that the mine has 5.6 Million tonnes of nickel ore.

The company is now looking for US$40 Million to revamp operations at the Mazabuka mine.

Already US$5 million has been spent on technical works at the mine since December last year.

Once fully operational, the mine can produce about 4 thousand tonnes of nickel concentrate annually, with the potential to grow to 6,000 tonnes.

The mine, which was acquired by Britain-based Consolidated Nickel Mines (CNM) plc after entering an agreement with the previous owners, Jinchuan in May, is expected to reopen once works are complete and approved by relevant stakeholders.

According to recent media reports, CNM plc managing director Simon Purkiss said the firm, which is expected to invest about US$40 million to reopen the mine is, among other projects, developing an extensive due diligence to re-establish the extent of the ore body. 

CNM is also undertaking extensive metallurgical tests to improve recoveries and visiting other nickel mine operations in the region to examine different operations.

This is according to a response to a press query issued by the company recently.

The Munali Nickel Mine has in the past displaced thousands of small scale farmers who have been relocated to Mugoto area.

The plight of the farmers has been a controversial issue which has been a thorn in the eyes of authorities.

Price Of Zambia's Emeralds Goes Up Due To Value Addition

By Paul Shalala in Lufwanyama

A worker sorting emeralds at Kagem Mine

The price for Zambia's emeralds has risen from $6 in 2008 to the current price of around $60 due to the new policy of value addition.

Kagem Mining Limited, the main producer of emeralds in Zambia, now polishes emeralds at the mine site.

Kagem Mining Limited Director of Operations C. V. Suresh says polishing and perfecting the stones has made them more profitable.

"Previously we never used to polish the emeralds but now they are prepared well before they are auctioned. This is the reason why the price has goine up since 2008," said Suresh in a powerpoint presentation at the mine yesterday.

At present, emaralds mined at Kagem are polished and perfected before they are auctioned in Lusaka.

Before that, Zambia used to export its emeralds in raw form and it fetched little money especially that the stones where auctioned abroad.

An aerial view of Kagem mine

 
But mining is a risky and dangerous undertaking with cases of accidents in most Zambian mines still alarming.

Last year alone, a total of 13 miners died in Zambian mines whilst on duty.

This record is not good for a mining nation like Zambia that predominantly depends on a sector that contributes over 50% of Government revenue.

At a time when many mines in the country are recording accidents, the opposite is the same with some mines such as Kagem on the Copperbelt Province.

Due to enhanced security and safety measures, the world’s largest emerald mine located in Lufwanyama District has achieved a record that no other mine in the world has achieved.

In the last seven years, the mine has clocked 3.5 million shifts without injuries.

The improved safety record at Kagem Mine has excited Government.

"This safety achievement makes us happy. It shows that Kagem management and workers are doing alot to ensure workers are safe. Losing life is a painful thing," said Mines Minister Christopher Yaluma at a function to celebrate this achievement at Kagem Mine yesterday.

Mr Yaluma later handed over a certificate of achievement to the mine for what he termed as exceptional safety record.

William Nyirenda and Christopher Yaluma

And Kagem Mine Board Chairman William Nyirenda boasted that the 3.5 million injury free shift record has never been achieved anywhere in the world.

"This is a world class record ladies and gentlemen. No where in the world has a mine gone this far without injuries," said Nyirenda, a Kitwe lawyer.

The 3.5 million shifts are counted from 2008 until April 2015.

Currently, Kagem Mine employs over 658 workers and it is about to expand to four other possible sites which will provide more job opportunities for Zambians.

Gemfields owns 75% of the shares while government owns the remaining 25%.

Investigation Reveals Zambia's 600 Homosexuals Living In Fear

An African gay rights activist hiding his face

By Paul Shalala

 

A four year undercover investigation has revealed that Zambia has a thriving community of about 600 lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals and intersex (LGBTI) who practice their sexual orientation in total secrecy for fear of being lynched by the community or being arrested by the Police.

According to results of a secret baseline survey of the LGBTI community in Zambia commissioned by a Lusaka-based human rights advocacy organization Dette Resources Foundation, about 600 gays, lesbians, bisexuals and transsexuals are known to be leading their normal but difficult lives in Lusaka, Copperbelt and Southern Provinces.

The baseline survey was launched on 21^st July 2012 and immediately, the Zambia Police Force embarked on a search for the people behind it and activists lived in fear of being arrested. 

Zambia’s current President Edgar Lungu, who was then Home Affairs Minister, warned that the people behind the survey would be arrested and brought behind bars to face the law.

However, no one was arrested as the people behind the survey went underground for fear of being arrested and prosecuted.

The survey was actualized across the country and the results are now ready and this reporter is the only Zambian journalist to have full details of the findings.

The document reveals that the secretive community is so closed up that even human rights activists have tough time to penetrate it and offer health services to those with complications.

According to results of the survey, the 600 LGBTI are known to be leading their normal but difficult lives in Lusaka, Copperbelt and Southern Provinces. 

The survey indicates that in other provinces with vast rural areas, the LGBTI community could exist but these could be very few people who may be scared to be identified and be integrated into the wider LGBTI community.

This reporter has interacted with activists who have shared the struggles that the members of the Lesbian and Gay community face in Zambia.

David Musonda

“We should not ignore the fact that some Zambians are born like that. We need to accept them and do everything we can to help them live their normal lives without being arrested or discriminated against,” said David Musonda, a Zambian human rights activist who is a Global Coordinator for Religious Global Interfaith Network for Sexual, Sex Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression (GINSSOGIE).

He went on to say Zambians need to change their mindset on LGBTI as most of them are born that way.

"We need to change our mindset in the way we treat gays and lesbians. They are people created by God but with a different sexual orientation. Many Zambians are not well informed about this community that's why there is too much animosity against LGBTI," said Musonda.
 

Mr. Musonda, who has undergone training as a Catholic priest in East Africa, says there is need for religious leaders to embrace the LGBTI community. 

He says it saddens him that people who preach the word of God and Jesus' tolerance are the ones in the forefront discriminating against people created by God.

The activist is determined to advocate for the rights of the LGBTI community adding that there is need for the Government and all stakeholders to chat the way forward on this matter other than resort to leaving this issue in abeyance as it will explode one day and the effect will be difficult to deal with.

And Dette Resources Foundation Director Jane Kaluba has called for policy change in Zambia in the way the LGBT community is treated by society.

“I call upon religious leaders, politicians and lawmakers to come together and reason on this matter. The country needs to change the way it looks at gays and lesbians,” said Ms Kaluba, who is an outspoken Zambian activist who has in the past eluded arrest over the issue of gay rights.

Like Mr Musonda, Ms Kaluba’s advocacy is also on the religious front.

“Yes Zambia is a Christian nation as declared in the preamble of our republican constitution. But that doesn’t mean that gays and lesbians are not Christians. They are also God-fearing despite their sexual orientation,” she said.

Kitwe, Lusaka and Livingstone are some of the biggest cities in Zambia where the largest members of the LGBT community live.

According to investigations, due to the cosmopolitan nature of the three cities, gays and lesbians find it easy to live in these towns and satisfy themselves with their partners as opposed to rural areas where resentment for such acts are considered a taboo and unheard of.

In their typical day to day lives, Zambian LGBT host secret parties where they enjoy themselves over beers but sex is highly practiced while the party is on.

Homosexuality is highly criminalized in Zambia and practicing it carries a 25 year jail term upon conviction.

According to the colonial-era Zambian Penal Code, homosexuality is a crime which makes it an emotive issue in this southern African country which has a strong conservative society.

The all-powerful three church mother bodies who have thousands of affiliate churches are open campaigners against homosexuality which has been a major campaign issue during general elections in Zambia since 2006.

On July 22, 2014, a youth-led organization Zango Youth Consortium submitted before the on-going sittings of the Legal and Justice Sector Reforms Commission that homosexuality must be decriminalized by removing the words‘unnatural acts’ from the statute books.

“We need to amend the Penal Code so that we can allow homosexuals to live freely in Zambia. Our research has shown that there is a thriving community of homosexuals and they are being oppressed,” said Kaimbo Katengo, Chairman of Zango Youth Consortium when he appeared before the Frederick Chomba-led Legal and Justice Sector Reforms Commission which sat at Nakatindi Hall in Lusaka.

After his story was published by the mainstream media, Mr Katengo received death threats and he was forced to go into hiding for five days only to reappear and offer an apology on TV for his comments on homosexuality.

“Am here to apologise to His Excellency President Michael Chilufya Sata and the people of Zambia. Our submission to the Legal and Justice Sector Reforms Commission has not been received well by stakeholders and am here to withdraw our submission on homosexuality. Next week I will appear before the commission to officially withdraw our comments,” said Katengo as broadcast by Zambia’s state TV channel.

On April 7, 2013, a gay rights activist Paul Kasonkomona appeared on the privately owned MUVI TV’s ‘The Assignment’ one hour live TV show where he discussed various issues to do with the LGBT community.

Paul Kasonkomona live on MUVI TV

Police officers in full riot gear stormed the privately owned television station and arrested Mr Kasonkomona for allegedly propagating homosexuality in Zambia.

The activist was charged with loitering but he was acquitted by the courts of law on February 25, 2014.

Another highly publicized case was the arrest of two youths from the central Zambian town of Kapiri Mposhi who were arrested for sleeping in the same house and allegedly practicing homosexuality.

Philip Mubiana and James Mwape were arrested on May 6, 2013 and acquitted on July 3, 2014.

Their historical court case was consistently attended by western diplomats based in Zambia whose presence in the courts was received with protests from the Zambian government.

After their acquittal, they are now freely living in their home town but it is not clear if they are still living as a ‘couple.’

But religious leaders have now joined forces with activists to campaign and help change people’s mindsets and accept the LGBT community as human beings who need the same love and care as heterosexuals.

Reverend Patson Kabala

Reverend Patson Kabala of the Uniting Presbyterian Church of Southern Africa is an ordained minister who has been preaching the word of God since 1991 and his comments may be considered controversial in Zambia due to his open advocacy for the need to allow gays and lesbians to freely practice their sexuality without state intervention.

“In John 3:16 God says he loved all humanity and died for all of us. This passage is clear, it does not leave out homosexuals. We should not judge these people; let us allow God who created them to judge them. Ours as human beings is to embrace whatever God created,” said Reverend Kabala in an interview in Lusaka.

Reverend Kabala likens the stigma against homosexuals to the people who suffered and died in the early years of the HIV virus.

“When HIV first came in our Zambian society, people were discriminated against and many died of stigma which was too much to bear. What is happening now to people of different sexual orientation is the same. We need to break the silence and allow these people to access medical attention and live peacefully,” said Rev Kabala.

Another religious leader who feels the LGBT community needs support is Reverend Tellas Shumba of the Reformed Church in Zambia (RCZ) Chawama East congregation in Lusaka.

“I have been a leader in the church since 1988 and I can tell you I have interacted with all types of people and it is unfortunate that our brothers and sisters the homosexuals are highly discriminated against,” said Rev Shumba who has served in various positions of RCZ in Zambia.

Reverend Tellas Shumba

The clergyman goes further to call upon the Zambian government to decriminalize homosexuality and create what he calls ‘an equal society.’

“We can only fully embrace the gays and lesbians in this country if government comes up with a law to embrace the LGBT community. I therefore call upon those in the corridors of powers to bring up this law. We need to be an equal society in Zambia,” he added.

And Zambia's only openly gay person Lundu Mazoka has welcomed the support by religious leadersto embrace homosexuality.

"The rising support for homosexuality among priests is progressive but it is also worrying as it is not African born. And it stands threatened by the fact that those that are currently proponents may fall by the wayside under the attacks of conservatives," said Mazoka in an emailed statement. 

And on the need for new laws to protect the LGBTI community in Zambia, Mazoka says implementation is where the problem is.

"Zambia does not need any new laws until we are able to properly implement the ones that we already have," he said.

On 13th October, 2014, PANOS Institute of Southern Africa held a workshop on the marginalized community at Cresta Golfview Hotel in Lusaka which was aimed at creating a platform of discussion on the human rights of marginalized communities in Zambia.

Lilian Kiefer

The German Embassy-funded one day workshop discussed various issues but the issue of homosexuality brought up the most heated debates as both its opponents and advocates sized each other up during the highly charged debates.

In an interview on the sidelines of the workshop, PANOS Executive Director Lilian Keifer said the workshop was necessary as the issue of marginalized communities was no longer a secret.

“This workshop is a platform on which various interest groups in Zambia can discuss human rights and try to find solutions to the human rights problems we are going through. In Zambia, it is not easy to openly discuss homosexuality but am happy people in this workshop are debating it freely,” said Ms Kiefer.

The one day meeting was attended by a serving ruling party Member of Parliament, various leaders of opposition political parties, lawyers, journalists, human rights activists and civil society leaders.